Auditory stimulation with Mozart sonata k-448 and heavy metal music improves short-term memory in rats

Joice Anaize Tonon do Amaral, Rodolfo Souza Faria, Amanda Mourino de Faraco, Ana Clara Mauad Coli, Joao Lucas de Los Rios Leal, Marilia Pires de Souza e Silva, Paulo Jose Oliveira Cortez, Iara Silva Leite, Cesar Renato Sartori, Victor E. Valenti, David M. Garner, Dalmo Antonio Ribero Moreira, Clarissa Trzesniak

Abstract


OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the effect of both classical and heavy metal music on short-term and long-term memory.

METHODS: Male rats were separated into three groups: Mozart (n=14), rats were exposed to Mozart´s K-448 piano sonata; Heavy Metal (n=15), rats were exposed to Psychosocial (band: Slipknot), and Control (n=12), rats were exposed to ambient sounds in an acoustically isolated room. The animals were exposed to the music for 8 hours per day, between 10:00 pm to 06:00 am, with an intensity of 50-75 dB, for 61 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the final day of adjustment to the enclosure the animals were individually exposed for 5 minutes in the enclosure to explore two identical objects. Ninety minutes after the object recognition training session, the animals were submitted to the short-term memory test and twenty-eight days after the object recognition training session, the animals were submitted to a long-term memory test.

RESULTS: There was no modification amongst the three groups during the object recognition training. Regarding the short-term memory test both Mozart (U=33.00, p=0.016, FDR-corrected) and Heavy Metal (U=44.00, p=0.033, FDR-corrected) groups revealed a higher percentage value of significance compared to the control group. In contrast, there was no significant change in relation to the long-term memory test.

CONCLUSION: Mozart Sonata K-448 and heavy metal music achieved beneficial effects on the short-term memory in rats.

Keywords


Memory; Memory, Long-Term; Memory, Short-Term; Music; Rats

Full Text:

PDF

References


Xing, Y., Xia, Y., Kendrick, K., Liu, X., Wang, M., Wu, D., Yang, H., Jing,W., Guo,D., Yao, D. (2016). Mozart, Mozart Rhythm and Retrograde Mozart Effects: Evidences from Behaviours and Neurobiology Bases. Scientific Reports 6, 18744.

Amtul, Z. and Atta Ur, R. (2015). Neural plasticity and memory: molecular mechanism. Revista Neuroscience 26(3), 253-268.

Kandel, E. R. (2001). The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses. Science 294(5544), 1030-1038.

Bekinschtein, P., Cammarota, M., Igaz, L. M., Bevilaqua, L. R., Izquierdo, I., Medina, J. H.(2007). Persistence of long-term memory storage requires a late protein synthesis- and BDNF- dependent phase in the hippocampus. Neuron 53(2), 261-277.

Izquierdo, I. (2002). Memória: ArtMed

Takeda, M. (2018). Brain mechanisms of visual long-term memory retrieval in primates. Neuroscience Research 142, 7-15.

Johnston, K., and Rohaly-Davis, J. (1996). An introduction to music therapy: helping the oncology patient in the ICU. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 18(4), 54-60.

Meng, B., Zhu, S., Li, S., Zeng, Q., Mei, B. (2009). Global view of the mechanisms of improved learning and memory capability in mice with music-exposure by microarray. Brain Research Bulletin 80(1-2), 36-44.

Solanki, M. S., Zafar, M., Rastogi, R. (2013). Music as a therapy: role in psychiatry. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 6(3), 193-199.

Watkins, G. R. (1997). Music therapy: proposed physiological mechanisms and clinical implications. Clinical Nurse Specialist 11(2), 43-50.

Xing, Y., Chen, W., Wang, Y., Jing, W., Gao, S., Guo, D., Xia, Y., Yao, D. (2016). Music exposure improves spatial cognition by enhancing the BDNF level of dorsal hippocampal subregions in the developing rats. Brain Research Bulletin, 121, 131-137.

Valenti, V.E., Guida, H.L., Frizzo, A.C., Cardoso, A.C., Vanderlei, L.C., Abreu, L.C. (2012). Auditory stimulation and cardiac autonomic regulation. Clinics 67(8):955-8.

Ferreira, L,L,, Vanderlei, L.C., Guida, H.L., de Abreu, L.C., Garner, D.M., Vanderlei, F.M., Ferreira, C., Valenti, V.E. (2015). Response of cardiac autonomic modulation after a single exposure to musical auditory stimulation. Noise & Health 17(75):108-15.

Martiniano, E.C., Santana, M.D.R., Barros, É.L.D., do Socorro da Silva, M., Garner, D.M., de Abreu, L.C., Valenti, V.E. (2018). Musical auditory stimulus acutely influences heart rate dynamic responses to medication in subjects with well-controlled hypertension. Scientific Reports 8(1):958.

Zatorre, R., and McGill, J. (2005). Music, the food of neuroscience? Nature, 434(7031), 312-315.

Sacks, O. (2006). The power of music. Brain, 129(Pt 10), 2528-2532.

Pauwels, E. K., Volterrani, D., Mariani, G., Kostkiewics, M. (2014). Mozart, music and medicine. Medical Principles and Practice 23(5), 403-412.

Kühlmann, A.Y.R., de Rooij, A., Hunink, M.G.M., De Zeeuw, C.I., Jeekel, J. (2018). Music Affects Rodents: A Systematic Review of Experimental Research. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 12, 301.

Angelucci, F., Ricci, E., Padua, L., Sabino, A., Tonali, P. A. (2007). Music exposure differentially alters the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in the mouse hypothalamus. Neuroscience Letters 429(2-3), 152-155.

Rauscher, F. H., Shaw, G. L., Ky, K. N. (1993). Music and spatial task performance. Nature 365(6447), 611.

Silverman, M. J. and Schwartzberg, E. T. (2018). Effects of Visual and Auditory Presentation Styles and Musical Elements on Working Memory as Measured by Monosyllabic Sequential Digit Recall. Psychological Reports, 33294118781937.

Dere, E., Huston, J. P., De Souza Silva, M. A. (2005). Episodic-like memory in mice: simultaneous assessment of object, place and temporal order memory. Brain Research Brain Research Protocols 16(1-3), 10-19.

Aoun, P., Jones, T., Shaw, G. L., Bodner, M. (2005). Long-term enhancement of maze learning in mice via a generalized Mozart effect. Neurological Research 27(8), 791-796.

Greenberg, D.M., Baron-Cohen, S., Stillwell, D.J., Kosinski, M., Rentfrow, P.J. (2015). Musical Preferences are Linked to Cognitive Styles. PLoS One 10(7), e0131151.

Sun, Y., Zhang, C., Duan, S., Du, X., Calhoun, V.D. (2019). Neural intrinsic functional connectivity associated with sensation seeking in heavy metal music and classical music lovers. Neuroreport 30(5):317-322.

Cechella, J. L., Leite, M. R., Rosario, A. R., Sampaio, T. B., Zeni, G. (2014). Diphenyl diselenide-supplemented diet and swimming exercise enhance novel object recognition memory in old rats. Age (Dordr) 36(4), 9666.

Howland, R. H. (2016). Hey Mister Tambourine Man, Play a Drug for Me: Music as Medication. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 54(12), 23-27.

Matsuda, S., Matsuzawa, D., Ishii, D., Tomizawa, H., Shimizu, E. (2014). Effects of memory age and interval of fear extinction sessions on contextual fear extinction. Neurosciense Letters 578, 139-42.

Greenwood, B.N., Strong, P.V., Foley, T.E., Fleshner, M. (2009). A behavioral analysis of the impact of voluntary physical activity on hippocampus-dependent contextual conditioning. Hippocampus 19(10), 988-1001.

Benjamini, Y and Hochberg, Y. (1995). Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 57(1), 289-300.

Chikahisa, S., Sei, H., Morishima, M., Sano, A., Kitaoka, K., Nakaya, Y., Morita, Y. (2006). Exposure to music in the perinatal period enhances learning performance and alters BDNF/TrkB signaling in mice as adults. Behavioural Brain Research 169(2), 312-319.

Rauscher, F. H., Robinson, K. D., Jens, J. J. (1998). Improved maze learning through early music exposure in rats. Neurological Research 20(5), 427-432.

Lee, S. M., Kim, B.K., Kim, T.W., Ji, E.S., Choi, H.H.(2016) Music application alleviates short-term memory impairments through increasing cell proliferation in the hippocampus of valproic acid-induced autistic rat pups. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 12(3), 148-55.

Hampton, T. (2019). For Alzheimer Pathology, Light and Sound Stimulation May Hold Promise. JAMA 322(1):17-18.

Martorell, A.J., Paulson, A.L., Suk, H.J., Abdurrob, F., Drummond, G.T., Guan, W., Young, J.Z., Kim, D.N., Kritskiy, O., Barker, S.J., Mangena, V., Prince, S.M., Brown, E.N., Chung, K., Boyden, E.S., Singer, A.C., Tsai, L.H. (2019). Multi-sensory Gamma Stimulation Ameliorates Alzheimer's-Associated Pathology and Improves Cognition. Cell 177(2):256-271.e22




DOI: https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i4.2620

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Open Science Journal (OSJ) is multidisciplinary Open Access journal. We accept scientifically rigorous research, regardless of novelty. OSJ broad scope provides a platform to publish original research in all areas of sciences, including interdisciplinary and replication studies as well as negative results.